History in Deep South- Cheras, Cholas & Pandyas

The Megalithic Background

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Three Early Kingdoms

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Beginnings of Brahmanism

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Tamil Language and Sangam Literature

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The Purse and the Sword

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Rise of Social Classes

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Cheras Cholas Pandyas | Sangam Age

Exercises

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What is meant by the megaliths? What light do they throw on the material culture of the southern districts of Tamil Nadu?
Answer: The megaliths refer to ancient burial sites characterized by large stone structures. They provide insight into the material culture of the southern districts of Tamil Nadu by revealing burial practices, including the use of pottery, iron objects, and stone circles, shedding light on ancient societal customs and beliefs.
When did the Pandyas first appear in history? Give an account of their activities in the early centuries of the Christian era.
Answer: The Pandyas first appeared in history around the early centuries BCE. In the early centuries of the Christian era, they engaged in prosperous trade with the Roman Empire, sent embassies to the Roman emperor Augustus, and enjoyed considerable wealth and influence. The Pandya kings also performed Vedic sacrifices, indicating their adherence to Brahmanical traditions.
Where did the Cholas rule first? Narrate the history of Kaveripattanam.
Answer: The Cholas initially ruled from Kaveripattanam, a significant center of trade and commerce situated along the Kaveri River. The city served as the Chola capital and boasted a large dock, facilitating maritime trade. King Karikala, a renowned Chola monarch, constructed extensive embankments along the Kaveri River with the labor of thousands of captives from Sri Lanka.
Mention the commercial activities of the early Tamil kingdoms.
Answer: The early Tamil kingdoms were engaged in lucrative trade activities, including the export of spices like pepper, elephants for ivory, pearls, precious stones, muslin, and silk. They traded with regions such as the Roman Empire, the Malaya archipelago, Arabia, and China, contributing to their prosperity and wealth.
What is meant by the Sangam literature? Give an account of life covered by it.
Answer: Sangam literature refers to a collection of Tamil poems and texts compiled during the Sangam period, reflecting the social, cultural, and political life of ancient Tamil society. It covers a wide range of subjects, including love, war, ethics, and governance, providing valuable insights into the lives of people, their customs, beliefs, and societal structures during that era.

history of the deep south, including the Cheras, Cholas, and Pandyas

History in the deep south- Cheras, Cholas, Pandyas

The Megalithic Background

Three Early Kingdoms

Beginnings of Brahmanism

Tamil Language and Sangam Literature

The Purse and the Sword

Rise of Social Classes

Related videos for ready reference

Exercises