The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a major climate pattern that significantly influences global weather patterns. It involves fluctuations in sea surface temperatures and atmospheric pressure across the Pacific Ocean.
El Niño
Warmer-than-average sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean.
Weakening trade winds.
Changes in ocean circulation.
Impacts: Increased rainfall in some regions, droughts in others, and altered weather patterns globally.
La Niña
Cooler-than-average sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean.
Stronger trade winds.
Impacts: Increased rainfall in some regions, droughts in others, and altered weather patterns globally.
Impacts of ENSO
Weather Extremes: Increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events such as floods, droughts, and heatwaves.
Impacts on Ecosystems: Disruptions to marine ecosystems, affecting fisheries and other marine life.
Socioeconomic Impacts: Impacts on agriculture, fisheries, and human health.
Predicting ENSO
Scientists use various methods, including monitoring sea surface temperatures, atmospheric pressure, and ocean currents, to predict ENSO events.
Accurate predictions can help communities prepare for potential impacts and mitigate potential risks.
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