The Earth's surface is not uniformly heated by the Sun, leading to variations in temperature and air pressure. This uneven heating drives global atmospheric circulation, resulting in the formation of distinct temperature and pressure belts around the globe.
Temperature Belts
Equatorial Region: Receives the most direct sunlight, resulting in high temperatures.
Tropical Regions: Located between the equator and the tropics, experience warm temperatures throughout the year.
Temperate Regions: Experience significant seasonal temperature variations, with warm summers and cold winters.
Polar Regions: Receive the least amount of sunlight, resulting in extremely cold temperatures.
Pressure Belts
Equatorial Low-Pressure Belt: Located near the equator, characterized by low air pressure due to intense heating.
Subtropical High-Pressure Belts: Located around 30 degrees latitude in both hemispheres, characterized by high air pressure and generally dry conditions.
Subpolar Low-Pressure Belts: Located around 60 degrees latitude in both hemispheres, characterized by low air pressure and frequent storms.
Polar High-Pressure Belts: Located near the poles, characterized by high air pressure and extremely cold temperatures.
Global Circulation
The uneven distribution of temperature and pressure drives global atmospheric circulation, resulting in the formation of prevailing winds such as trade winds, westerlies, and polar easterlies.
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