Gaseous Hypothesis of Kant - Overview and Evaluation

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Gaseous Hypothesis of Kant

Nebula

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Assumptions

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Kant’s Theory

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According to Kant:
- Mutual gravitational attraction and collisions between particles generated random motion in the primordial matter.
- This led to:
  - Collisions generating friction, which in turn generated heat.
  - The temperature of the primordial matter started rising.
- As temperature increased:
  - Random motion and collision rates among particles also increased.
  - This resulted in an increased rate of rotatory motion.
  - The state of primordial matter changed from solid to gaseous.
  - The cloud of matter became a vast hot nebula and started rotating around its axis.
- With continuous temperature rise:
  - The nebula expanded in size.
  - Its rotatory speed further increased.
  - The centrifugal force exceeded the centripetal force.
- The rapid spinning of the nebula caused:
  - An irregular ring to separate from the middle part of the nebula.
  - This process repeated, forming a system of concentric rings (nine).
  - The central mass of the nebula remained as the Sun.
  - Each ring aggregated into a core or knot, eventually forming a planet.

Evaluation

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Gaseous Hypotheis of Kant