Coral Reefs and Coral Bleaching

Coral Reefs and Coral Bleaching

Coral reefs are one of the most diverse and valuable ecosystems on Earth, often referred to as the "rainforests of the sea." However, these vibrant underwater ecosystems are facing a serious threat: coral bleaching.

• What are Coral Reefs?
  • Coral reefs are underwater structures made from the skeletons of coral polyps, tiny marine animals.
  • They provide habitat for a vast array of marine life, including fish, invertebrates, and algae.
  • They play a vital role in protecting coastlines from erosion and supporting fisheries.
• Coral Bleaching
  • Coral bleaching occurs when corals expel the symbiotic algae that live within their tissues.
  • This happens when water temperatures rise due to climate change, causing stress to the coral.
  • Bleached corals lose their color and become more susceptible to disease and death.
• Causes of Coral Bleaching
  • Climate Change: Rising sea temperatures due to global warming are the primary driver of coral bleaching.
  • Ocean Acidification: Increased carbon dioxide absorption by the ocean makes it more acidic, which can harm coral growth and development.
  • Pollution: Runoff from land, including agricultural chemicals and sewage, can damage coral reefs.
  • Overfishing: The removal of herbivorous fish can disrupt the delicate balance of the coral reef ecosystem.
• Consequences of Coral Bleaching
  • Loss of biodiversity
  • Erosion of coastlines
  • Decline in fisheries
  • Reduced tourism revenue
• Conservation Efforts
  • Reducing greenhouse gas emissions to mitigate climate change.
  • Establishing marine protected areas to limit human impact on coral reefs.
  • Improving water quality by reducing pollution from land-based sources.
  • Promoting sustainable fishing practices.