Sea level is constantly changing over time due to a variety of factors. In recent decades, global sea level has been rising at an accelerating rate, primarily due to human-induced climate change.
- Causes of Sea Level Rise
- Thermal Expansion: As ocean water warms, it expands, occupying more space and contributing to sea level rise.
- Melting Glaciers and Ice Sheets: The melting of glaciers and ice sheets, such as Greenland and Antarctica, adds significant amounts of water to the oceans.
- Impacts of Sea Level Rise
- Coastal Erosion: Rising sea levels increase the frequency and severity of coastal erosion, threatening coastal communities and infrastructure.
- Increased Flooding: Coastal areas become more vulnerable to flooding, including storm surges and high tides.
- Disruption of Coastal Ecosystems: Rising sea levels can inundate coastal wetlands, salt marshes, and other valuable ecosystems.
- Displacement of Populations: Rising sea levels can force coastal communities to relocate, leading to displacement and economic disruption.
- Addressing Sea Level Rise
- Mitigation: Reducing greenhouse gas emissions to limit the rate of global warming is crucial for mitigating sea level rise.
- Adaptation: Coastal communities need to adapt to rising sea levels through measures such as building seawalls, elevating structures, and implementing coastal restoration projects.
