This article explores the rise of socialism, youth activism, trade unionism, and caste movements in early 20th-century India. It highlights key events and figures that influenced these social and political changes.
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Emergence of New Forces: Socialistic Ideas, Youth Power, Trade Unionism
Marxist and Socialist ideas inspired the formation of socialist and communist groups, leading to the rise of a left-wing within the Congress.
Key figures like Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhash Chandra Bose advocated for radical solutions, opposing both the Swarajists and No-Changers.
The Communist Party of India (CPI) was established in 1920 in Tashkent by M.N. Roy and others, marking the formal introduction of communist ideology in India.
Significant events include the Kanpur Bolshevik Conspiracy Case (1924), the formation of the CPI in 1925, and the Meerut Conspiracy Case (1929).
Some revolutionaries, dissatisfied with non-violent nationalist strategies, turned towards socialism and more militant methods.
Key groups include the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) in Punjab-UP-Bihar and the Chittagong Revolt Group under Surya Sen in Bengal.
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