Delve into Gandhi's historic choice of Nehru as his political successor. Explore the context, differences, and the importance of this decision in shaping India's modern history.

Context and Resolution: The Political Landscape of 1941 and Gandhi-Nehru's Strategic Decisions

• Background:
  • In December 1941, Congress leaders were released amidst Japan’s aggressive actions.
  • There was a strong desire to defend Indian territory and assist the Allies.
• Congress Resolution:
  • The Congress Working Committee (CWC) overrode Gandhi’s and Nehru’s objections.
  • A resolution was passed to cooperate with the government in the defense of India with two conditions:
    • Full independence to be granted after the war.
    • Immediate transfer of substantial power.

Gandhi and Nehru's Differences: Ideological and Political Divergences

• Differences:
  • Gandhi and Nehru had differing views on various issues:
    • Religion: Nehru was indifferent; Gandhi was deeply religious.
    • Industrialisation: Nehru saw it as a solution to poverty; Gandhi favored reviving the rural economy.
    • State Power: Nehru trusted the modern State to reform society; Gandhi was skeptical, focusing on individual and community conscience.
• Mutual Respect:
  • Despite differences, Nehru revered Gandhi, and Gandhi trusted Nehru more than his own sons.
  • Both shared fundamental similarities in patriotism, non-violence, and belief in democratic governance.

Gandhi’s Preference for Nehru: Why Nehru Was the Chosen Successor for India’s Future

• Reason for Preference:
  • According to Rajmohan Gandhi in "The Good Boatman", Gandhi preferred Nehru over other leaders due to Nehru’s reflection of the pluralist, inclusive idea of India.
  • Other leaders such as Patel, Rajaji, Azad, Kripalani, and Rajendra Prasad were seen as having sectional interests.
  • Nehru was considered a leader who was trusted by Muslims, respected across regions, and admired by women.