Explore the concept of Individual Satyagraha, including its background, objectives, key figures involved, outcomes, and significant historical context during World War II.

Individual Satyagraha: Background - A Response to Government Policies

• Government Stance:
  • No constitutional advance until Congress agreed with Muslim leaders.
  • Issued ordinances curtailing freedoms.
• Congress Response:
  • Requested Gandhi to lead.
  • Gandhi initiated limited individual satyagraha.

Aims of Individual Satyagraha: Demonstrating Resolve and Seeking Dialogue

• Objectives:
  • Show nationalist patience was not weakness.
  • Express disinterest in the war and oppose dual autocracy.
  • Give the government another chance to accept demands.
• Satyagraha Demand:
  • Freedom of speech against the war.
  • If not arrested, the satyagrahi would repeat the action and start a march to Delhi ('Delhi Chalo Movement').

Key Figures and Outcomes: Limited Impact, Symbolic Significance

• Key Figures:
  • Vinoba Bhave was the first satyagrahi.
  • Jawaharlal Nehru was the second.
• Outcomes:
  • By May 1941, 25,000 people were convicted.

Historical Context: A World at War

• Significant Events:
  • June 1941: Germany attacked Russia.
  • December 1941: Japan attacked Pearl Harbour.
  • March 1942: Japan occupied Rangoon.