Explore peasant movements with religious overtones, including the Narkelberia Uprising, The Pagal Panthis, Faraizi Revolt, Moplah Uprisings, and their impact on colonial rule.

Narkelberia Uprising: Resistance Against Landlords and the British

• Led by Mir Nithar Ali (Titu Mir), inspiring Muslim tenants in West Bengal.
• Protest against landlords (mainly Hindu) and British indigo planters.
• Initially an armed peasant uprising, later merging into the Wahabi movement.

The Pagal Panthis: Tribal Resistance in Mymensingh

• Founded by Karam Shah, comprising Hajong and Garo tribes in Mymensingh district.
• Led by Karam Shah’s son, Tipu, against zamindar oppression.
• From 1825 to 1835, the Pagal Panthis resisted high rent and attacked zamindar houses.
• Movement was suppressed despite a government effort to protect peasants.

Faraizi Revolt: Religious and Agrarian Uprising in Bengal

• Founded by Haji Shariat-Allah of Faridpur, advocating radical changes.
• Organized by Shariat-Allah's son, Dadu Mian, aiming to expel English from Bengal.
• Supported tenants against zamindars; disturbances lasted from 1838 to 1857.
• Many Faraizis joined the Wahabi ranks later.

Moplah Uprisings: Peasant Revolt in Malabar

• Triggered by revenue hikes, field reductions, and oppressive officials.
• Occurred between 1836 and 1854, with 22 rebellions, none proving successful.
• Second Moplah uprising occurred during the Non-cooperation Movement, but Congress and Moplahs diverged.
• By 1921, Moplahs were subdued.

Peasants’ Role in the 1857 Revolt: Agrarian Unrest and Resistance

• Active participation in some areas, mainly western Uttar Pradesh.
• Peasants often allied with local feudal leaders against foreign rule.
• Post-revolt, British policies worsened the plight of peasants, supporting the landed classes and neglecting peasants’ interests.
• In Avadh, taluqdars were restored with powers, while peasants faced additional cess and other penalties.