Explore the Vokkaliga Sangha's advocacy for the Vokkaliga community in Karnataka, the Justice Movement's push for non-Brahmin representation in the Madras Presidency, and the Self-Respect Movement's challenge to Brahminical dominance, led by Periyar. Discover their impacts on social and political reforms in India.
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Vokkaliga Sangha, Justice Movement & Self-Respect Movement
Background and Formation: The Vokkaliga Sangha, a prominent community organization in the Mysore region, was formed to address the social and political issues faced by the Vokkaliga community, a dominant agricultural caste in Karnataka. This Sangha played a significant role in organizing the Vokkaligas and representing their interests, particularly in opposition to Brahmin dominance in various sectors, including administration, education, and religious practices.
Anti-Brahmin Movement in 1905: In 1905, the Vokkaliga Sangha launched an anti-Brahmin movement. The primary goal of this movement was to challenge the dominance of Brahmins in government jobs and educational institutions. The Vokkaligas sought greater representation and opportunities in these fields, advocating for social justice and equality.
Social and Political Influence: The Vokkaliga community, through the Sangha, also worked towards preserving their cultural heritage and improving the socio-economic conditions of their members. The Sangha's efforts contributed to the broader non-Brahmin movement in the region, influencing political developments and contributing to the eventual formation of political parties that represented the interests of the non-Brahmin communities.
Modern Developments: Today, the Vokkaliga Sangha continues to be a significant social and cultural organization, actively involved in education, healthcare, and community welfare activities. The Sangha has established various institutions, including schools, colleges, and hospitals, to serve the community and promote the socio-economic upliftment of the Vokkaligas.
Founders: C.N. Mudaliar, T.M. Nair, and P. Tyagaraja initiated the Justice Movement in the Madras Presidency.
Objectives: The movement aimed to secure jobs and representation for non-Brahmins in the legislature.
Madras Presidency Association: In 1917, the Madras Presidency Association was formed, demanding separate representation for the lower castes in the legislature.
Founder: E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker, also known as Periyar, started the Self-Respect Movement in the mid-1920s.
Objective: The movement aimed at rejecting Brahminical religion and culture, which Periyar saw as the main instrument of exploitation of the lower castes.
Key Actions: The movement sought to undermine the position of Brahmin priests by formalizing weddings without Brahmin priests, among other social reforms.
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