Balshastri Jambhekar (1812-1846) pioneered social reform in Bombay through journalism, starting influential newspapers and libraries. The Paramahansa Mandali, founded in 1849 in Maharashtra, focused on breaking caste rules and promoting women's rights. Both made significant contributions to social reform, challenging orthodoxy and advocating for progressive changes in society.
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Balshastri Jambhekar and Paramahansa Mandali
Balshastri Jambhekar: Pioneer of Social Reform through Journalism
Early Life and Contribution: Balshastri Jambhekar (1812-1846) was a pioneer of social reform through journalism in Bombay, challenging Brahminical orthodoxy and striving to reform popular Hinduism.
Darpan Newspaper: In 1832, he started the newspaper Darpan, through which he awakened the masses to social reforms like widow remarriage and promoted a scientific approach to life. Jambhekar is known as the father of Marathi journalism.
Digdarshan and Scientific Awareness: In 1840, Jambhekar launched Digdarshan, a publication that included articles on scientific subjects as well as history, furthering his mission of instilling a scientific outlook among the people.
Educational Contributions: Jambhekar founded the Bombay Native General Library and started the Native Improvement Society, which later led to the establishment of the Students Literary and Scientific Library. He was also the first professor of Hindi at Elphinstone College and served as a director of the Colaba Observatory.
Paramahansa Mandali: Reformist Society in Maharashtra
Foundation and Ideology: The Paramahansa Mandali was founded in 1849 in Maharashtra by Dadoba Pandurang, Mehtaji Durgaram, and others. Initially a secret society, it aimed to reform Hindu religion and society in general.
Manav Dharma Sabha Influence: The society's ideology was closely linked to the Manav Dharma Sabha, emphasizing the worship of one god, the importance of love and moral conduct, freedom of thought, and rationality.
Caste and Social Reforms: The founders of the Mandali were committed to breaking caste rules. In their meetings, members consumed food cooked by lower caste individuals, challenging social norms. The Mandali also advocated for widow remarriage and women's education.
Branches and Influence: Branches of the Paramahansa Mandali existed in Poona, Satara, and other towns in Maharashtra, spreading their reformist ideas across the region.
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