This article examines the rise of revolutionary activity in the 1920s in India, focusing on the impact of disillusionment with non-violent methods and global influences.
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Revolutionary Activity During the 1920s
Attraction for Revolutionary Activity after Non-Cooperation Movement
After the severe repression during World War I, many revolutionaries were released in early 1920 under a general amnesty.
Many revolutionary groups joined or suspended activities during the Non-Cooperation Movement, persuaded by Gandhi and C.R. Das.
The sudden withdrawal of the Non-Cooperation Movement left many disillusioned, leading them to question non-violent strategies and explore violent methods as an alternative.
Prominent leaders who were part of this revival included Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee, Surya Sen, Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, Chandrasekhar Azad, and others.
The upsurge of working-class trade unionism after World War I inspired revolutionaries to harness this new class for nationalist revolution.
The Russian Revolution of 1917 and the success of the Soviet state provided a powerful example of revolution and consolidation.
Newly emerging communist groups emphasized Marxism, socialism, and the proletariat, influencing revolutionary thought.
Journals like Atmasakti, Sarathi, and Bijoli published memoirs and articles that celebrated revolutionary self-sacrifice.
Novels and books like Bandi Jiwan by Sachin Sanyal and Pather Dabi by Sharatchandra Chatterjee (banned by the government, which only increased its popularity) further inspired revolutionary activity.
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