Explore the Third Anglo-Mysore War, its key battles, and the Treaty of Seringapatam. Learn about the military and political outcomes that shaped the region's history.
Third Anglo-Mysore War: Key Events and Outcome
Background of the Third Anglo-Mysore War
A dispute arose between Tipu Sultan and the state of Travancore.
Travancore had purchased Jalkottal and Cannanore from the Dutch in the Cochin state.
As Cochin was a feudatory of Tipu Sultan, he saw this as a violation of his sovereign rights.
In April 1790, Tipu Sultan declared war against Travancore to restore his rights.
Course of the Third Anglo-Mysore War
The English, siding with Travancore, launched an attack against Tipu Sultan.
In 1790, Tipu Sultan defeated the English forces under General Meadows.
In 1791, Lord Cornwallis took leadership and, with a large army, marched through Ambur and Vellore to Bangalore, which was captured in March 1791, then proceeding towards Seringapatam.
Coimbatore fell to them but was later recaptured by Tipu Sultan.
With support from the Marathas and the Nizam, the English attacked Seringapatam for a second time.
Tipu Sultan offered serious opposition, but the odds were against him.
As a result, Tipu Sultan had to concede under the Treaty of Seringapatam.
Treaty of Seringapatam (1792)
Under the Treaty of Seringapatam, nearly half of Mysore's territory was taken over by the victors.
Baramahal, Dindigul, and Malabar were ceded to the English.
The Marathas gained control over regions surrounding the Tungabhadra and its tributaries.
The Nizam acquired territories from the Krishna to beyond the Pennar river.
A war indemnity of three crore rupees was also demanded from Tipu Sultan.
Half of the war indemnity was to be paid immediately, while the rest was to be paid in installments. As a guarantee, Tipu Sultan's two sons were taken as hostages by the English.
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