Explore the pivotal eras of the Khalji and Tughlaq dynasties in medieval Indian history through a chronological timeline. Discover the political upheavals, cultural shifts, and dynastic transitions that shaped the Delhi Sultanate from 1286 to 1412, including the rise to power, reforms, and eventual decline. Delve into detailed event summaries and historical insights within this comprehensive HTML timeline.

Overview:

• --> Limited information on the economic condition of people under the Delhi Sultanate.
• --> Historians focused more on court events than ordinary lives.
• --> Prices of commodities sometimes mentioned.

Overview:

• --> Peasants formed the majority of the population, working hard to eke out subsistence.
• --> Recurring famines and wars added to their hardships.
• --> A more prosperous section of owner cultivators existed, dominating village panchayats.
• --> Village headmen and smaller landlords enjoyed higher standards of life, often misusing their positions.
• --> Alauddin Khalji took action against them, but they continued to live better than ordinary peasants.

Overview:

• --> Growth of trade marked by town development and sound currency system.
• --> Major cities included Delhi, Daulatabad, Lahore, Multan, Kara, Lakhnauti, Anhilwara, and Cambay.
• --> Bengal and Gujarat famous for fine quality fabrics, with Cambay known for textiles and gold/silver work.
• --> Handicrafts included leather work, metal work, carpet weaving, woodwork, stone-cutting, and paper manufacturing.
• --> Textiles trade established in Red Sea, Persian Gulf, and introduced to China.
• --> India imported high-grade textiles, glassware, horses, raw silk, porcelain, and ivory.
• --> Overland and overseas trade involved Arabs, Tamils, Kalingas, Gujaratis, Marwaris, and Bohras.
• --> Wealthy merchants lived in fine houses with orchards, gardens, and tanks.
• --> Travel was risky but royal roads and sarais ensured comfort and safety.
• --> Muhammad Tughlaq built roads and had efficient postal systems.

Details:

• --> Religion played a significant role in the social and political life of the Delhi Sultanate.
• --> Islam was the state religion, but other religions like Hinduism and Buddhism were also present.
• --> Sufi saints and Bhakti movement contributed to the spiritual and cultural life.