The Battle of Khanwa, fought in 1527, was a crucial conflict in Indian history, marking the consolidation of Babur's power in the Indo-Gangetic plain. The roots of this battle can be traced back to the growing conflict between Rana Sanga and Ibrahim Lodi for the domination of eastern Rajasthan and Malwa. Rana Sanga, having defeated Mahmud Khalji of Malwa, extended his influence up to Piliya Khar near Agra. However, the establishment of Babur’s empire in the Indo-Gangetic valley posed a significant threat to Sanga. Explore Humayun's reign through his challenges, military campaigns, strategic alliances, and the legacy he left in Mughal history. Learn about his conquests in Gujarat and Malwa, conflicts with Bahadur Shah, and his efforts to consolidate Mughal rule.

Key Details:

• -->Humayun ascended the throne in 1530 at the age of 23, inheriting a kingdom facing multiple challenges.


• -->The administration was not fully consolidated, and financial stability was precarious.


• -->The Afghans, particularly those under Sher Khan, posed a significant threat to Mughal rule.


• -->Legacy of Timurid tradition posed risks of internal division among Humayun's brothers.

Key Details:

• -->In 1532, Humayun decisively defeated Afghan forces at Dadrah, reclaiming Bihar and Jaunpur.


• -->Siege of Chunar followed, a crucial fort commanding the route between Agra and eastern India.


• -->Negotiations with Sher Khan allowed him to retain Chunar in exchange for loyalty and a hostage.

Key Details:

• -->Humayun's conquest of Malwa and Gujarat temporarily expanded Mughal territories.


• -->Local uprisings and resistance in these regions resulted in their loss soon after.


• -->Setbacks in Gujarat and Malwa prompted Humayun to focus resources on eastern India.

Key Details:

• -->Humayun's reign marked significant efforts in consolidating Mughal rule and governance.


• -->Contributions to literature, art, and architecture under Humayun's patronage.


• -->Historical perspectives on Humayun's rule and its impact on subsequent Mughal rulers.