Immediate Cause of Rebellion. Offensive and Support. Retreat and Further Conflict. Resolution and Aftermath. Role of Nur JahanEarly Life and Marriage. Family Influence and Political Rise. Role in Governance and Administration. Cultural Contributions and Legacy. Relationship with Jahangir and Shah JahanPolitical and Administrative Developments. Jahangir's Reign and Challenges. Nur Jahan's Influence and Succession Issues.
In 1668, Shah Abbas II insulted the Mughal envoy, disparaged Aurangzeb, and threatened invasion, prompting Mughal military preparations.
Before any action could occur, Shah Abbas II died, and subsequent Persian rulers posed no significant threat to Mughal territories.
Mughal strategic frontier based on the Hindukush with Qandhar as an outer bastion successfully defended India against foreign invasions for a long period.
Despite setbacks over Qandhar, Mughal foreign policy emphasized diplomatic relations and equal footing with major Asian powers like the Safavids and Ottomans.
Kabul and Qandhar remained crucial gateways for India's trade with Central Asia, promoting Mughal commercial interests.
The Mughals maintained a secure northwest frontier based on strategic defense principles, safeguarding India from external threats.
Diplomatic ties with Persia and other Asian powers were instrumental in ensuring Mughal dominance and promoting commercial interests.
Mughal foreign policy underlined equality with regional powers and strategic defense, effectively securing India's borders.
Qandhar's significance declined over time, yet its defense symbolized Mughal strength despite periodic setbacks.
The era marked a peak in Mughal power and prestige, with diplomatic overtures from the Ottoman Empire underscoring Aurangzeb's authority.
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