The Second Phase (1668-84): Aurangzeb's relation with Deccani states. Aurangzeb and Deccani States. Final Breach with Shivaji—Shivaji’s Administration and Achievements. Treaty of Purandar and Shivaji’s Visit to Agra. The Marathas & Mughals: Rise of Chattrapati Shivaji Maharaj, Conflict with Bijapur & rise of marathas. The Rise of the Marathas. Early Career of Shivaji. Conflict with Bijapur and the Mughals. Shivaji's Legend and Continued Struggles.
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The Second Phase (1668-84)
Mughal Strategy and Factionalism
The Mughals virtually marked time in the Deccan between 1668 and 1676.
Madanna and Akhanna, two gifted brothers, rose to power in Golconda and virtually ruled from 1672 until 1687.
They tried to establish a tripartite alliance between Golconda, Bijapur, and Shivaji, but faction fights in Bijapur and Shivaji's ambitions periodically disrupted this policy.
The factions in Bijapur were inconsistent, switching between pro and anti-Mughal stances based on immediate interests, while Shivaji alternated between looting and supporting Bijapur against the Mughals.
Aurangzeb's Limited Expansion
Although concerned about the growing Maratha power, Aurangzeb was keen to limit Mughal expansion in the Deccan.
Repeated efforts were made to install and back a party in Bijapur that would cooperate with the Mughals against Shivaji and not be led by Golconda.
Mughal Military Interventions
A series of Mughal military interventions were made in pursuit of this policy, though the details are of little interest.
The main result was the re-assertion of the united front of the three Deccani powers against the Mughals.
Diler Khan's Campaign (1679-80)
A desperate effort by Diler Khan, the Mughal Viceroy, to capture Bijapur failed.
No Mughal viceroy had the means to contend against the united forces of the Deccani states.
A new element was the matchlock-armed Karnataki foot soldiers, with thirty thousand sent by the Berar chief Prem Naik being a major factor in withstanding the Mughal siege of Bijapur.
Shivaji sent a large force to relieve Bijapur and raided the Mughal dominions, leading to Diler Khan's recall by Aurangzeb after achieving nothing.
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